Safety mechanism for high voltage cabinets

ABSTRACT

A safety mechanism for a high voltage source cabinet wherein the mechanism has a first position which renders the high voltage source inoperative when a cabinet access door is open and a second position which renders the high voltage source operative when the access door is closed. The mechanism further includes a third position which permits the high voltage source to be manually placed in an operative condition when the access door is open. The latch includes retaining means which are automatically released when the access door is again closed.

I United States Patent [151 3,655,926 Meermans [451 Apr. 11, 1972 [54] SAFETY MECHANISM F OR HIGH Primary ExaminerRobert K. Schaefer VOLTAGE CABINETS Assistant Examiner-M. Ginsburg Attorney-Meyer, Tilberry & Body [72] Inventor: Ronald A. Meermans, Cuyahoga, OhlO [73] Assignee: Park-Ohio Industries, lnc., Cleveland, [57] ABSTRACT O A safety mechanism for a high voltage source cabinet wherein [22] Filed. Mar 29 1971 the mechanism has a first position which renders the high voltage source inoperative when a cabinet access door is open and [2]] Appl. No.: 129,046 a second position which renders the high voltage source operative when the access door is closed. The mechanism further includes a third position which permits the high volt- [521 "200/50 5200/6152, 219/1055 age source to be manually placed in an operative condition [51] InLCI. ..H01h'9/20 when the access door is open The latch indudes retaining Field of sell'ch 50 50 50 B, means which are automatically released when the access door 200/50 C, 61.62; 219/1055 is again closed, 5 mi Cited 13 Claims, 9 Drawing Figures UNITED STATES PATENTS 868,348 10/ 1907 Kramer ..200/61.62

Patented April 11, 1972 2 Sheets-Sheet l RESET OVERLOAD INVENTOR.

BREAKER RONALD A. MEERMANS ATTORNEYS BY Mega, 7M 8 80%;

Patented April 11, 1972 3,655,926

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 RESET OVERLOAD BREAKER RESET OVERLOAD RESET OVERLOAD BREAKER RONALD A. MEERMANS loo fleqwf/dfimy ody ATTORNEYS SAFETY MECHANISM FOR HIGH VOLTAGE CABINETS This application pertains to the art of safety devices for high voltage sources and more particularly to a new safety mechanism for high voltage source cabinets.

The invention is particularly applicable for use on the enclosing cabinet of a high voltage oscillator of the type used in induction heating installations, and will be described with particular reference thereto; however, it will be appreciated that the invention has broader applications and may be used in other cabinets where it is desirous of maintaining a particular operative condition for a piece of equipment enclosed in the cabinet.

Previously used safety devices for high voltage induction heating oscillators have primarily comprised a limit switch which was located adjacent a cabinet access door and actuated thereby. When the access door was closed, the switch was activated so as to permit the oscillator to be placed in an operative condition. When the access door to the oscillator was opened, the switch head was moved to a second position whereby the oscillator was placed in an inoperative condition. Oftentimes, however, it was advantageous to gain access to the oscillator through the access door in order to perform maintenance work thereon and yet have the oscillator remain in the operative condition. As the previously used limit switches had only two positions, it was necessary for maintenance personnel to temporarily place the switch in a position so that the oscillator could become operative when the access door was opened. This necessitated, for example, taping the switch head in the desired position or temporarily wedging the switch head to the desired position. Following the maintenance work, it was then necessary to remove the tape or wedge to again place the switch in a condition whereby it could again properly perform its function. This process necessarily added inconvenience to any required maintenance work and, further, if the maintenance personnel inadvertently forgot to remove the tape or wedge, the switch would be rendered useless for its intended purpose.

The present invention contemplates a new and improved mechanical door safety mechanism for high voltage source cabinets which overcomes all of the above referred problems and others and provides safety mechanism which is simple to use and economical to manufacture.

' In accordance with the present invention, there is provided amechanical safety mechanism for a source of high voltage enclosed in a cabinet having at least one access door movable between a first closed position and a second opened position for access to the source of high voltage. The mechanism includes a member automatically movable between a first position when the access door is in the closed position and a second position when the access door is in the opened position. When in the second position, the member engages means for activating de-energizing means for the source of high voltage, which then merely must be reset when the safety member is moved to the first position as the access door is again closed. The safety mechanism also includes releasable means for providing a third position for the member to permit the source of high voltage to be energized when the access door is in the opened position.

In accordance with a limited aspect of the present invention, the releasable means are automatically moved to a nonengaging position relative to the member when the member is moved by the access door from the third position towards the first or second position.

The principal object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved safety mechanism for a high voltage source cabinet which automatically places the high voltage source in an inoperative condition when the cabinet door is opened.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved safety mechanism for a high voltage source cabinet which permits the high voltage source to be temporarily placed in an operative condition after the cabinet door is opened.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved safety mechanism for a high voltage source cabinet which is automatically released from a position wherein the high voltage source is placed in an operative condition with the cabinet door open to its normal operative position when the cabinet door is closed.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved safety mechanism for a high voltage source cabinet which is simple to use and economical to manufacture.

The invention may take physical form in certain parts and arrangements of parts, a preferred embodiment of which will be described in detail in this specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of the safety mechanism of the subject invention;

FIG. 2 is an end view of the safety mechanism in FIG. 1 in the direction of lines 2-2;

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the safety mechanism shown in FIG. 2 taken along lines 3-3;

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of the safety mechanism shown in FIG. 3 taken along lines 4-4 with the arm member shown in its normal position when the cabinet access door is open;

FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view identical to that in FIG. 4 showing the arm member in its third position;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the normal position of the arm member when the cabinet access door is opened;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the arm member when placed in its third position;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the normal position of the arm member when the cabinet access door is closed; and,

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the arm member returning to its initial normal position when the cabinet access door is again opened.

Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for the purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the invention only and not for purposes of limiting same, the FIGURES show safety mechanism A mounted on the inside of a cabinet structure B in a working relationship with a cabinet access door C.

Referring specifically to FIGS. 1 and 2, safety mechanism A is comprised of two parallel spaced apart side plates 10, 12 having outwardly extending flange areas 14,16 respectively. An arm member generally designated 18 constructed from an electrically conductive material includes a body portion 20, cam end portion 22 and cam surface 24. The arm member includes a mount hole 26 extending transversely therethrough and side plates 10,12include mounting holes 28,30 respectively therethrough. Holes 26,28 and 30 may comprise for example drilled holes. An elongated bolt 32 extending through these holes locate the arm member relative to side plates 10,12 for pivotal movement relative thereto. A nut 34 is threadably received on bolt 32 to retain the components in position. Further, a spacer element 36 is received on the body portion of bolt 32 and is spaced between arm member 18 and the inside of plate 10. Similarly positioned between the inside wall of plate 12 and arm member 18 is spacer element 38. These spacers may be made from any material suitable for such spacer use and could for example comprise nylon sleeves.

To further locate plates 10,12 relative to each other and provide stability for the mechanism, bolts 50,52, similar to bolt 32, are utilized. Similarly, spacers 54,56, received on bolts 50,52 respectively, extend between the inside walls of plates 10,12. Again, standard nuts may be threadably received on bolts 50,52 in order to retain them in position. It should be here noted that sleeve 56 is to be constructed from an electrically conductive material for reasons which will hereinafter become apparent.

A latch spring element generally designated 60 is mounted relative to the safety mechanism by use of mounting area 62 received between the head of bolt 50 and the outside of plate 10. Latch spring element 60 may be comprised of any resilient material which may be shaped to provide the required spring action, and in the preferred embodiment, is formed from a resilient spring steel. Mounting area 62 comprises a generally semi-circular area of sufficient dimension so as to be received around the body portion of bolt 50. The latch spring element includes a safety arm engaging portion 64 and a safety latch arm engaging tip 66 as best shown in FIG. 2. Also, and as best shown in FIG. 1, the latch spring element includes a leg 70 extending generally outwardly from mounting area 62 and a leg 72 extending generally downwardly along the end of the safety mechanism and outwardly from side plate to arm engaging portion 64. FIGS. 2 and 4 best show latch spring element 60 in its normal non-engaging position.

The above described safety mechanism may be mounted by any convenient means to, for example, an inside wall 80 of cabinet structure C. In the preferred embodiment, standard nuts and bolts are utilized which merely pass through wall 80 and flange areas 14,16 in a known fashion. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that elongated slots could also be provided in flange areas 14,16 to permit adjustment of the safety device relative to wall 80 for the proper desired engagement with cabinet access door C. Cabinet access door C includes outer door 82, inner door 84 and reinforcement member 86, it being understood that this arrangement is merely exemplary of one type of door design which may be encountered in cabinets which are used to house high voltage sources.

A ground wire 90 is maintained by a clip 92 in engagement with the connecting means between flange l6 and wall 80 and by clip 94 between nut 34 and a second nut 96 received on bolt 32. Wall 80 is then electrically grounded as generally designated 98. A reset overload breaker generally designated 100 is electrically connected to bolt 52 and secured relative thereto between the first standard nut and a second nut 102. Reset overload breaker 100 may be one of several known types which will de-energize an electrical circuit when the circuit is shorted out. In the preferred embodiment, the reset overload breaker is also manually resettable.

Assuming for illustrative purposes only, that the safety device of the subject application has been installed on the inside of a high voltage oscillator, the operation of the mechanism may now be explained. In FIG. 1, and with cabinet access door C in the closed position, inner door 84 coacts with cam surface 24 of cam end portion 22 to pivotally raise body portion 20 of arm member 18 from contact with spacer 56. In this position, the oscillator circuit is in an operative condition so that the oscillator is permitted to operate in its normal fashion. Again, in this position, latch spring element 60 is in the non-engaging position best shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 disposed outwardly from side plate 10. As cabinet access door C is moved to the opened position, inner door 84 is removed from its coaction with cam surface 24 such that arm member 18 is permitted to pivot downwardly by its own weight until body portion 20 rests against spacer 56. In this position, arm member 18, through its contact with the spacer shorts out the oscillator circuit through reset overload breaker 100 so that the oscillator is thus rendered inoperative. This action effectively prevents bodily harm or electrocution to anyone entering the cabinet while it is in an operative condition. This is extremely desirous in that the high voltage oscillator for which the subject safety mechanism is particularly employed ranges anywhere from 0 to 18,000 volts. With cabinet access door C in the opened position, maintenance personnel may often be desirous of performing various maintenance operations on the oscillator where it is required that the oscillator be temporarily placed in an operative condition. Without reclosing the door, or in the alternative, without temporarily moving and holding arm member 18 from contact with spacer 56, it is impossible to place the oscillator in an operative condition. With the subject safety mechanism, however, this problem is overcome by manually raising arm member 18 to such a height that latch arm spring element 60 may be moved in the direction a of FIGS. 2 and 4 until arm engaging portion 64 and arm engaging tip 66 are in the engaging position as best shown in FIG. 5. Arm member '18 may then be lowered so that tip 66 prevents latch arm spring element 60 from returning to its initial position. The above described two steps are schematically shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. With the arm member in the position shown in FIG. 7, reset overload breaker may be manually reset in order that the oscillator may be placed in an operative condition while maintenance work is being performed.

Assuming now that the maintenance work has been completed and it is desirous to place the safety mechanism in its normal operative condition, it is merely necessary to reclose cabinet access door C so that inner door 84 again coacts with cam surface 24. As best shown in FIG. 8, this coaction causes arm member 18 to move in an upwardly direction away from engagement with arm engaging portion 64 and arm engaging tip 66. As latch arm spring element 60 is biased to return to its initial or non'engaging position when arm member 18 is raised, spring element 60 will automatically move in direction b as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. In this condition, the safety mechanism again allows the oscillator to be placed in an operative condition. Should cabinet access door C again be opened as schematically shown in FIG. 9, inner door 84 will be removed from coaction with cam surface 24 such that arm member 18 is permitted to again contact spacer 56 so that reset overload breaker 100 will place the oscillator in an inoperative condition.

The above process may be repeated as often as it is required to gain access to the oscillator and have it remain operative. Further, it will also be understood that a number of the above described safety mechanisms may be employed such that each access door of the cabinet may be protected in the manner hereinabove described.

The invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment. Obviously, modifications and alterations will occur to others upon the reading and understanding of this specification; It is my intention to include all such modification and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Having thus described my invention, 1 now claim:

1. A mechanical safety mechanism for a supply of high voltage enclosed in a cabinet having at least one access door member movable between a first closed position and a second opened position for access to said supply of high voltage, said safety mechanism comprising:

a safety member movable between a first position for permitting said supply of high voltage to be placed in an operative condition and a second position for permitting said supply of high voltage to be placed in an inoperative condition;

means for moving said safety member between said first and second positions; I

releasable means for establishing and releasably maintaining said safety member in a third position for permitting said supply of high voltage to be placed in an operative condition when said safety mechanism is in said cabinet with said access door member in said second position; and,

means including said safety member for de-energizing said supply of high voltage when said safety member is in said second position.

2. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 1 wherein said safety member includes a surface for engagement with said access door member.

3. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 1 wherein said releasable means includes means for engaging said member, said releasable means having a first non-engaging position and a second engaging position relative to said member when said member is in said third position.

4. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 3 wherein said releasable means includes a releasable member and means for automatically moving said releasable member to said first non engaging position from said second engaging position when said safety member is moved from said third position towards said first position.

5. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 4 wherein said releasable means comprises a spring latch member normally biased toward said first non-engaging position, said engaging means comprising a tip portion of said said spring latch member.

6. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 1 wherein said third position of said member is disposed intermediate said first and second positions.

7. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 2 wherein said member comprises an arm member pivotally mounted for arcuate movement between said first, second and third positions.

8. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 7 wherein said surface comprises a cam surface disposed on one end of said arm member.

9. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 8 wherein said safety mechanism is adapted to be connected to a manual reset overload breaker to thereby complete a circuit with said breaker when said arm is in said second position.

10. In a device having a cabinet, a de-energizable supply of high voltage, and an access door movable between openedclosed positions, the improvement comprising:

a member movable in response to movements of said door between a first position when said door is closed and a second position when said door is opened;

means including said member for de-energizing said high voltage supply when said door is opened and energizing said high voltage supply when said door is closed;

said member being biased into said second position; and,

latch means for selectively maintaining said member in a third position between said first and said second positions, and means whereby said latch means is released when said door is closed.

11. The improvement as defined in claim 10 wherein said member comprises an arm member pivotally mounted for arcuate movement between said first, second and third positions.

12. The improvement as defined in claim 10 wherein said latch means includes a first normally non-engaging position and a second engaging position relative to said member when said member is in said third position, means whereby said latch means is automatically moved to said first non-engaging position when said member is moved from said third position toward said first position.

13. The improvement as defined in claim 12 wherein said latch means comprises a spring latch continuously biased toward said first non-engaging position.

l i i 

1. A mechanical safety mechanism for a supply of high voltage enclosed in a cabinet having at least one access door member movable between a first closed position and a second opened position for access to said supply of high voltage, said safety mechanism compriSing: a safety member movable between a first position for permitting said supply of high voltage to be placed in an operative condition and a second position for permitting said supply of high voltage to be placed in an inoperative condition; means for moving said safety member between said first and second positions; releasable means for establishing and releasably maintaining said safety member in a third position for permitting said supply of high voltage to be placed in an operative condition when said safety mechanism is in said cabinet with said access door member in said second position; and, means including said safety member for de-energizing said supply of high voltage when said safety member is in said second position.
 2. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 1 wherein said safety member includes a surface for engagement with said access door member.
 3. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 1 wherein said releasable means includes means for engaging said member, said releasable means having a first non-engaging position and a second engaging position relative to said member when said member is in said third position.
 4. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 3 wherein said releasable means includes a releasable member and means for automatically moving said releasable member to said first non-engaging position from said second engaging position when said safety member is moved from said third position towards said first position.
 5. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 4 wherein said releasable means comprises a spring latch member normally biased toward said first non-engaging position, said engaging means comprising a tip portion of said said spring latch member.
 6. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 1 wherein said third position of said member is disposed intermediate said first and second positions.
 7. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 2 wherein said member comprises an arm member pivotally mounted for arcuate movement between said first, second and third positions.
 8. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 7 wherein said surface comprises a cam surface disposed on one end of said arm member.
 9. The safety mechanism as defined in claim 8 wherein said safety mechanism is adapted to be connected to a manual reset overload breaker to thereby complete a circuit with said breaker when said arm is in said second position.
 10. In a device having a cabinet, a de-energizable supply of high voltage, and an access door movable between opened-closed positions, the improvement comprising: a member movable in response to movements of said door between a first position when said door is closed and a second position when said door is opened; means including said member for de-energizing said high voltage supply when said door is opened and energizing said high voltage supply when said door is closed; said member being biased into said second position; and, latch means for selectively maintaining said member in a third position between said first and said second positions, and means whereby said latch means is released when said door is closed.
 11. The improvement as defined in claim 10 wherein said member comprises an arm member pivotally mounted for arcuate movement between said first, second and third positions.
 12. The improvement as defined in claim 10 wherein said latch means includes a first normally non-engaging position and a second engaging position relative to said member when said member is in said third position, means whereby said latch means is automatically moved to said first non-engaging position when said member is moved from said third position toward said first position.
 13. The improvement as defined in claim 12 wherein said latch means comprises a spring latch continuously biased toward said first non-engaging position. 